Metadata

• Authors: Karen M. Douglas, Robbie M. Sutton, Aleksandra Cichocka
• Publication Date: December 2017
• Journal/Source: Current Directions in Psychological Science, Volume 26, Issue 6
• URL: https://doi.org/10.1177/0963721417718261

Abstract

What psychological factors drive the popularity of conspiracy theories, which explain important events as secret plots by powerful and malevolent groups? What are the psychological consequences of adopting these theories? We review the current research and find that it answers the first of these questions more thoroughly than the second. Belief in conspiracy theories appears to be driven by motives that can be characterized as epistemic (understanding one’s environment), existential (being safe and in control of one’s environment), and social (maintaining a positive image of the self and the social group). However, little research has investigated the consequences of conspiracy belief, and to date, this research does not indicate that conspiracy belief fulfills people’s motivations. Instead, for many people, conspiracy belief may be more appealing than satisfying. Further research is needed to determine for whom, and under what conditions, conspiracy theories may satisfy key psychological motives.

Key Findings

• Belief in conspiracy theories is driven by epistemic, existential, and social motives.
• Current research more thoroughly addresses the drivers of conspiracy belief than its consequences.
• Conspiracy belief may not fulfill psychological motivations but rather be more appealing than satisfying.

Notes

• The study emphasizes the need for further research to assess the satisfaction derived from conspiracy belief.
• Understanding the conditions and individuals for whom conspiracy theories fulfill psychological needs is crucial for future studies.
• The current literature lacks comprehensive exploration into the consequences of adopting conspiracy beliefs.